Tanzania is renowned for its expansive wilderness areas, such as Serengeti National Park and Kilimanjaro National Park. The Serengeti is home to the famous Big Five animals, which include lions, rhinos, elephants, Buffalos, and leopards. On the other hand, Kilimanjaro National Park is renowned for Mount Kilimanjaro, the highest mountain in Africa. In addition to its wildlife, Tanzania boasts abundant natural resources, including fertile land, fish, forests, and minerals.

Tanzania's primary natural resources:

Arable Land:

Agricultural land plays a crucial role in Tanzania's economy, contributing significantly to local consumption and export earnings. Farming practices range from small-scale cultivation to large-scale production of crops such as coffee, rice, wheat, tea, wattle, tobacco, and sisal. Other agricultural products include bananas, pyrethrum, beans, millet, cassava, cashew nuts, cloves, corn, and vegetables.

Coffee:

Coffee is Tanzania's most important cash crop, ranking among the top global producers. Annually, the country produces 30,000–40,000 metric tonnes of coffee. The two main types of coffee grown are Arabica and Robusta, with Arabica comprising the majority of the yield. Arabica coffee grows in regions such as Mbeya, Mbinga, Ngara, North Kilimanjaro, Iringa, Matengo Highlands, Morogoro, Usambara Mountains, and Kigoma. Robusta coffee is primarily cultivated in Bukoba in the Kagera Region. Plantations account for 10% of coffee farming, while the remaining 90% is carried out on a small scale. The Tanzanian coffee industry employs around 270,000 workers.

Forests and Wildlife:

Tanzania recently designated 6,425 acres of forest land as protected areas due to the threat of logging and conversion for other purposes. The Magombera Nature Reserve, a forest in Tanzania, is home to diverse wildlife, including primate species like Udzungwa Red Colobus, Angolan Black and White Colobus, Sykes’s Monkey, Udzungwa Galago, and Greater Bushbaby. Tanzania has collaborated with local communities to establish Wildlife Management Areas exclusively for wildlife habitat. Examples of these areas are Liwale, Burunge, Enduimet, Makao, and Makame. The renowned Mara and Serengeti National Parks also showcase Tanzania's unique wildlife.

Minerals:

Tanzania is abundant in mineral resources, classified into categories such as metallic minerals, gemstones, industrial minerals, energy source minerals, and construction minerals. Metallic minerals found in Tanzania include silver, cobalt, iron ore, gold, graphite, copper, and nickel. The Merelani graphite mine has operated for 40 years, producing graphite with a purity of 97-98% at a rate of 15,000 tonnes per year. Gemstones found in Tanzania include tanzanite, diamonds, pearls, garnets, ruby, rhodolite, sapphire, emerald, tourmaline, and amethyst. Industrial minerals extracted in Tanzania consist of gypsum, limestone, phosphates, soda ash, and salt. Energy source minerals